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- 23 فبراير 2009
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Practical Ways ultra low-level format
Hard drive low-grid format the hard disk are the most thorough way of initialization, after the hard disk after the low-grid, the original data will be protected all the loss, so in general low-grid hard disk is extremely undesirable, and only when necessary in order to low-grid hard disk. he factory hard drive, hard drive works on a low-level format the hard disk; another hard drive when there are certain types of Bad Track, the use of low-level format to achieve a certain degree of the role of mitigation, or shielding.
In the first case, here goes without saying, because the factory hard drive before the job is only a low cell engineers will be hard to reach for ordinary users, there is no need to consider in this respect. As for the second scenario, what type of Bad Track when it required low-grid? In explaining this critical question, first take a look at the type of hard drive Bad Track.
In general, the Bad Track can be divided into physical and logical Bad Track Bad Track. Bad Track one of the logic is relatively easy to resolve, it means the hard disk at the time to write long been intended to interfere with, there is cause ECC errors. From the process, it is referring to the hard disk to write data at the time, the ECC logic will re-arrangement of data, the general operating system to write 512 bytes, but in fact the hard disk will be written many dozens of bytes, and All of these bytes must be carried out by ECC check code, if the original byte ECC calculated Calibration code and read the calculated ECC byte is different from that would create ECC error, and this is the so-called Bad Track physical causes.
Bad Track As the physical, it damaged the hard drive is more lethal, it has soft and hard physical difference between Bad Track, physical damage to the disk surface is rigid, it is beyond repair 。 Because of outside influence and the resulting data into the error, the system will think it is physical Bad Track, which is a Bad Track physical hard disk can use some tools (such as hard disk manufacturers to test repair software) to repair, in addition, for tiny hard disk surface damage, a number of hard disk tools (such as Western Digital's Data Lifeguard Tools) can be re-directed to retain a good sector to correct the error.
Bad Track For these types of rigid Bad Track Physics is definitely beyond repair, it is a hard surface of one of the most direct damage, so even if a low grid or use a tool can not repair the hard disk (unless the damage is very small, part of this instrument can not retain as part of Bad Track to solve the purpose).
Logic for the hard disk appears on Bad Track Bad Track physical or soft, the user can try to use low-level format to achieve the role of Bad Track shielding, but needs to be pointed out here, does not mean the elimination of shielding Bad Track a Bad Track, low grid drive put the original hard drive of all partitions are deleted, but the Bad Track still exist, but will Bad Track shield hidden from the user storage Bad Track the use of these data, it can guarantee a certain extent on the reliability of user data, Bad Track as it is the hard disk partition, format and frequency of the spread of the spread of growth.
So I do not recommend users to drive low-grid, how hard the best warranty at the warranty, or go looking for a distributor, it can be said to be the best solution, but also the most thorough solution. not for the hard disk, it can be hard to try low-grid in order to prevent data storage to the Bad Track will cause data loss.
How hard for a low grid, as a general rule is to use the instrument to operate low-grid, this will be in the following chapters in detail, say a number of related topics here. That is, low cell detection instrument instrument with the hard disk are essentially different, low-grid instrument is hard to carry out the role of low-grid, and hard drive testing tool vendors in general are hard to detect the introduction of the hard disk, an error early detection of the hard disk to remind users to back up important data or used in hard disk repair, it is not hard for low grid.
Debug conducted with low-level assembly language format
Can achieve low-level hard disk data destruction of hard drives, so the operation must be careful before. There is lot of hard low-grid methods, such as directly on the hard disk in CMOS low-lattice, or assembler language for the hard disk using a low grid, and the most common instrument is the use of some software to the hard disk low grid, low-grid common instrument there is lformat, DM and hard drive manufacturers have introduced a variety of hard disk tools.
Compilation is a relatively low-level programming language, it is very easy to direct the operation of hardware, and high operating efficiency, if the software system in the direct operation of the hardware when necessary, is often used in assembly language. 。 Compilation can also be used to conduct low-level hard disk formatting, and other than DM software is all the more flexible instrument, the specific application is to use the debug process, and concrete operations in the debug environment, the call stored in the BIOS of the low-level formatting program ( CMOS low-grid hard disk directly call This is a low cell process). Usually achieve the following three methods:
(1), a direct call to the BIOS ROM in the low-cell procedures
At a lot of computer storage of the BIOS ROM in the low-grid procedure, the storage address from the beginning C8005H address the specific operation is as follows:
A：＼＞Debug A: \> Debug
-G C800 ：0005 -G C800: 0005 (/ / display information at this time (different versions of the BIOS information displayed may be different), after the prompt enter
Current Interleave is 3 select new interleave or Return for current Current Interleave is 3 select new interleave or Return for current (/ / This is cross-factor require users to select, press enter 3 express check default value can also be entering a new cross-factor value of the cross-factor hard disk is generally 3, so a direct can enter. screen prompts and then
Are you dynamically configuring the drive-answer Y/N t Are you dynamically configuring the drive-answer Y / N t
Press“Y”to begin formatting the drive C： with interleave 03 ） Press "Y" to begin formatting the drive C: with interleave 03 (/ / type "Y" after the start of the hard low-grid)
Formatting ... ... (/ / Whether or not asked about the deal after the completion of a bad track)
Do you want to format bad track-answer Y/N？ Do you want to format bad track-answer Y / N?
Be used if there is no "N" to answer. Display:
Format Successful，system will new restart，Insert Dos diskette indrive A： Format Successful, system will new restart, Insert Dos diskette indrive A:
Insert system disk into drive A, you can partition, format and other advanced operating system to install the.
(2), by calling the INT 13H interrupt functions on the 7th of hard low-Grid
Operation are as follows:
A：＼＞DEBUG A: \> DEBUG
-A 100 -A 100
-XXXX：0100 MOV AX，0703； -XXXX: 0100 MOV AX, 0703; (/ / cross-cutting factor of 3)
-XXXX：0103 MOV CX，0001； -XXXX: 0103 MOV CX, 0001; (/ / 0 track 0 sector from)
-XXXX：0106 MOV DX，0080； -XXXX: 0106 MOV DX, 0080; (/ / C disk 0 track)
-XXXX：0109 INT 13 -XXXX: 0109 INT 13
-XXXX：010B INT 3 -XXXX: 010B INT 3
-XXXX：010D -XXXX: 010D
-G 100 -G 100
This hard drive has been low on the grid.
(3), call the INT 13H interrupt function on the 5th
On the hard disk interrupt call INT 13H function only on the 5th of the low-0 lattice 0 noodle one sector rather than the entire hard drive with low grid, so that low-grid in a very short time. Specific operation is as follows:
A:>DEBUG A:> DEBUG
-A 100 -A 100
-XXXX：0100 MOV AX，0500； -XXXX: 0100 MOV AX, 0500; (/ / call function on the 5th)
-XXXX：0103 MOV BX，0180； -XXXX: 0103 MOV BX, 0180; (/ / set buffer address)
-XXXX：0106 MOV CX，0001； -XXXX: 0106 MOV CX, 0001; (/ / 0 tracks from one sector)
-XXXX：0109 MOV DX，0080； -XXXX: 0109 MOV DX, 0080; (/ / C disk 0 track)
-XXXX：010B INT 13 -XXXX: 010B INT 13
-XXXX：010D INT 3 -XXXX: 010D INT 3
-E 0180 0 0 0002； -E 0180 0 0 0002; (/ / write parameters)
-G 100 -G 100
DM carried out with low-level format
DM的全名是Hard Disk Management Program， 。 DM is the full name of Hard Disk Management Program, it can carry out low-level hard disk formatting, validation, such as management, can improve efficiency in the use of the hard disk. In general, DM has the following features: low-level format the hard disk, partition, advanced formatting, hard drive configuration, and other functional parameters.
When in actual application, dm instrument with ordinary DOS command (such as fdisk or format), it order format: A:> DM [parameters]. One of the parameters of the desirability of the following values:
PARTITIONG. PREPARAFION。 <> / M DM software to manually enter, in the absence of the parameter, DM to automatically run, followed by the implementation of INITIALIZE. PARTITIONG. PREPARAFION. <> /C DM <> / C DM to color the way the implementation of software that runs on color displays.
<> / P DM software for PC / XT hard disk management.
<> / A DM software for PC / AT hard disk management.
<> / 2 DOS 2.XX way version.
<> / 3 DOS 3.XX way version.
。 <> / 4 DOS 4.XX version of the way (only DM 5.01 version there is this parameter).
<> / V DM can change the running on the cluster length, the root directory of ways.
Commonly used in the actual use of the following two ways to start:
1, A:> DM (automated. Initialized when a lot of hard drive parameters are not to use the default value of almost human intervention).
2, A:> DM (manually. For some of the parameters when formatting want artificial designated).
。 Dm start after the instrument, users can select according to their own needs the operation, because it is the user interface in the form of DOS survival, so is also very simple to use, understand.
Other methods of low-level format
Apart from the above introduction of two low-cell instrument, there are many other methods of low-level format.
1, CMOS direct operation
If the motherboard support, users can directly in CMOS for low-level format the hard disk, this method is very simple, convenient and, therefore, if possible, I recommend the use of this method of hard disk low grid. Specific methods of operation: the system at boot prompt to enter the CMOS Setup (if such Award are BIOS, will be prompted to press DEL to enter CMOSSetup, if Intel motherboards are generally based on F2 to enter CMOS Setup), then in the CMOS menu dishes to choose low formatted HardDisk Drive select, and then prompts according to the procedures to be hard low grid and at the same time to answer a question by a number of procedures can be carried out low-level format the hard disk.
2, lformat.com procedures for low-grid hard
Apart from dm tools, have a more common procedure is the low cell lformat.exe, it is from Maxtor has introduced the low-level hard disk formatting tools. 在DOS状态下运行lformat.exe 3-43 Run under DOS at lformat.exe status, the procedure that is activated as shown in Figure 3-3-43 warning interface. Note the screen at approximately the mean is, if the user use this tool, the hard disk of all data will be lost, therefore it is recommend to run at the necessary data before the backup, and recommend to remove all other hard disk. If users forget to back up data, and would like to withdraw from the program, you can press in addition to any key other than Y can be, if the user to confirm a low stick on your hard disk, press "Y" button.
。 If you select "Y", the process will require users to select the hard disk or hard drive on low-current cell, then, question and answer some questions, the hard disk to start the process of low-level format.